Jawaharlal Nehru

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                                                    Jawaharlal Nehru Birth and Family background:           Jawaharlal Nehru was born on 14 November 1889 in Allahabad in British India. His father Motilal Nehru a self-made wealthy barrister who belonged to the Kashmiri Pandit community served twice as President of the Indian National Congress in 1919 and 1928. His mother Swarup Rani Thussu  who came from a well-known Kashmiri Brahmin family settled in Lahore was Motilal's second wife the first having died in childbirth. Jawaharlal was the eldest of three children two of whom were girls The elder sister, Vijaya Lakshmi later became the first female president of the United Nations General Assembly. The youngest sister, Krishna Hutheesing became a noted writer and authored several books on her brother. C...

ADOLF HITLER

 ADOLF HITLER

              Adolf Hitler was born on 20 April 1889 in Braunau am Inn, a town in Austria-Hungary close to the border with the German Empire. He was the fourth of six children born to Alois Hitler and his third wife, Klara Pölzl. Three of Hitler's siblings Gustav, Ida, and Otto she died in infancy.

              When Hitler was three, the family moved to Passau, in Germany. There he acquired the typical lower Bavarian dialect, rather than Austrian German, which marked his speech throughout his life.The family returned to Austria and settled in Leonding in 1894, and in June 1895 Alois retired to Hafeld, near Lambach, where he farmed and kept bees. Hitler attended Volksschule (a state-owned primary school) in nearby Fischlham.


              Hitler began to develop German nationalist ideas from a young age.He expressed loyalty only to Germany, despising the declining kingdom and its rule over an ethnically variegated empire. Hitler and his friends used the call "Heil", and sang the "Deutschlandlied(german national anthem)" instead of the Austrian Imperial anthem.

            After Alois's sudden death on 3 January 1903, Hitler's performance at school decay and his mother allowed him to leave.He enrolled at the Realschule( student gets an extended education and learns at least one foreign language) in Steyr in September 1904, where his behaviour and performance improved.

         In 1905, after passing a repeat of the final exam, Hitler left the school without any ambitions for further education or clear plans for a career.

Political carrier:

        Adolf Hitler was a German politician and leader of the Nazi Party. He rise to power began in Germany in September 1919 when Hitler joined the political party then known as the Deutsche Arbeiter partei – DAP ( Workers' Party of German). The name was changed in 1920 to the NSDAP (National Socialist German Workers' Party, commonly known as the Nazi Party). 

       .He moved to Germany in 1913 and was decorated during his service in the German Army in World War I. During 1933 to 1945, he initiated World War II in Europe by invading Poland on 1 September 1939. He was closely involved in military operations throughout the war and was central to the perpetration of the destruction


 In 1919, he joined the German Workers' Party (DAP), the prenamed as the NSDAP, and was appointed leader of the NSDAP in 1921. In 1923, he attempted to seize power in a failed coup in Munich(city in german) and was imprisoned. In jail, he dominate the first volume of his auto biography and political manifesto Mein Kampf ("My Struggle"). 

       After his release in 1924, Hitler gained popular support by attacking the Treaty of Versailles and promoting  principle of a political unification of all Europeans speaking German language, antisemitism and anti-communism with  Nazi information. He frequently denounced international capitalism and communism as part of a Jewish conspiracy.

     Under Hitler's leadership and race related motivated ideology, the Nazi rule was responsible for the mass murdered of about 6 million Jews and millions of other victims whom he and his followers  subhumans. Hitler and the Nazi rule were also responsible for the killing of an estimated 19.3 million civilians and prisoners of war.

    In addition, 28.7 million soldiers and civilians died as a result of military action in the European theatre. He number of civilians killed during World War II was unprecedented in warfare, and the casualties constitute the deadliest conflict in history.




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